L‐glutathione 1% promotes neuroprotection of nitrergic neurons and reduces the oxidative stress in the jejunum of rats with Walker‐256‐bearing tumor

Author:

de Oliveira Ana Paula1,Perles Juliana Vanessa Colombo Martins2,de Souza Sara Raquel Garcia2,Sestak Sabrina Silva1,da Motta Lima Fabiana Galvão1,Almeida Gustavo Henrique Doná Rodrigues3,Cicero Lídia Rodrigues4,Clebis Naianne Kelly5,Guarnier Flávia Alessandra6,Blegniski Fernanda Pascoal6,Vasconcelos Roseane Carvalho7,Araújo Aurigena Antunes8,Comar Jurandir Fernando9,Moreira Lucas Stafuza9,Sehaber‐Sierakowski Camila Cavicchioli4,Zanoni Kassio Papi Silva10,Zanoni Jacqueline Nelisis124ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physiology Sciences State University of Maringá Maringá Paraná Brazil

2. Department of Morphology Sciences State University of Maringá Maringá Paraná Brazil

3. Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine State University of Maringá Maringá Paraná Brazil

4. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences State University of Maringá Maringá Paraná Brazil

5. Department of Morphology Center of Biosciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil

6. Department of Pathology Sciences State University of Londrina Londrina Paraná Brazil

7. Department of Dentistry, Program of Oral pathology Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil

8. Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil

9. Department of Biochemistry State University of Maringá Maringá Paraná Brazil

10. Molecular Science Institute University of Valencia Paterna Valencia Spain

Abstract

AbstractAimsOur main goals were to investigate the effects of L‐glutathione (1%) treatment in Walker‐256 tumor‐bearing rats by analyzing immunoreactive neurons (IR), responsive to the nNOS enzyme and 3‐Nitrotyrosine, in their jejunum myenteric plexus. Moreover, the oxidative state and inflammatory process in these animals were investigated.MethodsFour experimental groups were utilized: control (C), control treated with L‐glutathione (CGT), Walker‐256 tumor‐bearing rats (TW), and Walker‐256 tumor‐bearing rats treated with L‐glutathione (TWGT). After 14 days of tumor inoculation, the jejunum was collected for immunohistochemical techniques and assessment of oxidative status. Plasma was collected to evaluate oxidative status and measure cytokines.ResultsThe TW group exhibited a decrease of reduced glutathione in their jejunum, which was prevented in the L‐glutathione treated TWGT group. TW animals presented pronounced oxidative stress by increasing levels of lipoperoxidation in their jejunum and malondialdehyde in their plasma; however, the L‐glutathione treatment in TWGT group was not able to avoid it. The total antioxidant capacity was altered in groups TW and TWGT, yet the last one had a better index in their plasma. The IL‐10, and TNF‐α levels increased in TWGT animals. The nNOS‐IR neuron density decreased in the jejunum myenteric plexus of the TW group, which was avoided in the TWGT group. The nNOS +3‐Nitrotyrosine neurons quantification did not show significative alterations.ConclusionThe treatment with L‐glutathione (1%) imposed an important defense to some parameters of oxidative stress induced by TW‐256, leading to neuroprotection to the loss in the nNOS‐IR neuron density.

Funder

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Gastroenterology,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems,Physiology

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