1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling; Department of Earth System Science; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
2. Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS); Beijing 100875 China
3. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau; College of Forestry; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China
4. School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Sciences (SAGES); University of Reading; Reading RG6 6AH UK
5. AXA Chair of Biosphere and Climate Impacts; Department of Life Sciences; Imperial College London; Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road Ascot SL5 7PY UK
6. Department of Biological Sciences; Macquarie University; North Ryde NSW 2109 Australia
7. Department of Biological Sciences; Institute of Environmental Sciences; University of Quebec at Montreal; C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville Montréal H3C 3P8 QC Canada
8. Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope and Gulf Ecology; Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China