1. Mechanical Engineering Department ABBES Laghrour‐ Khenchela University Khenchela Algeria
2. Tribology and Materials Group Laboratory of Foundry Annaba University BO Annaba Algeria
3. Matter Sciences Department ABBES Laghrour ‐ Khenchela University Khenchela Algeria
4. Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia
5. ICMCB (UMR 5026) ‐ CNRS Pessac France
6. Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC) Biomatériaux de Bordeaux PTIB Pessac France
7. Laboratory of Mechanics Surfaces and Materials Processing ARTS ET METIERS ParisTech Lille Cedex France