1. Department of Anesthesiology; Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; No. 123 Dapi Rd Kaohsiung 833 Taiwan
2. Department of Anesthesiology; National Taiwan University College of Medicine; Taipei Taiwan
3. Department of Biological Sciences; National Sun Yat-Sen University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
4. Department of Surgery; Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Kaohsiung Taiwan