Periodontal disease and its association to endothelial dysfunction and clinical changes in limited systemic sclerosis: A case–control study

Author:

Jud Philipp1,Wimmer Gernot2,Meinitzer Andreas3,Strohmaier Heimo4,Schwantzer Gerold5ORCID,Moazedi‐Fürst Florentine6,Schweiger Leyla1,Brodmann Marianne1,Hafner Franz1,Arefnia Behrouz2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine Medical University of Graz Graz Austria

2. Division of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics, Periodontology and Prosthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Medical University of Graz Graz Austria

3. Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical laboratory diagnostics Medical University of Graz Graz Austria

4. Department center of medical research Medical University of Graz Graz Austria

5. Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation Medical University of Graz Graz Austria

6. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Medical University of Graz Graz Austria

Abstract

AbstractObjectivesPeriodontal disease occurs frequently in patients with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) while data about underlying pathways contributing to periodontal changes are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal disease and to investigate its association with endothelial dysfunction and clinical changes in patients with lcSSc.MethodsIn 38 lcSSc patients and 38 controls, periodontal status was evaluated by disease‐specific questionnaire, dental examination including bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth, and plaque index, and dental panoramic radiograph. Periodontopathogen bacteria were collected subgingivally using paper points and interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) gene polymorphisms were evaluated using buccal swabs. Endothelial dysfunction was measured by flow‐mediated dilatation, pulse‐wave velocity and biochemical analysis, including arginine metabolites and endothelial microparticles. Additionally, lcSSc‐specific clinical changes and parameters were recorded.ResultsPeriodontitis was present in 31 patients with lcSSc (81.6%) and in 27 controls (71.1%) (p = .280). LcSSc patients had a lower teeth number (p = .039) and Eikenella corrodens was to a higher degree detectable in patients with lcSSc (p = .041) while the remaining periodontal parameters revealed no differences between both cohorts. Significant correlations between parameters of arterial stiffness, EUSTAR index, number of teeth and BOP were observed (all p < .05). Detection of Prevotella intermedia was associated with selected IL‐1 gene polymorphisms (p = .032) and Porphyromonas gingivalis was associated with severe periodontitis (p = .041).ConclusionPeriodontal disease may occur frequently in patients with lcSSc and may be associated with arterial stiffness and with SSc activity.

Funder

Actelion Pharmaceuticals

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Periodontics

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