Effects of batroxobin on the antithrombotic system in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis: Clues to mechanisms

Abstract

AbstractBackground and PurposeMore evidence supports the benefits of batroxobin combined with anticoagulation in correcting acute cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). The dynamic fluctuations of peripheral blood platelets, fibrinolysis, and coagulation biomarkers during this therapy were analyzed.MethodsWe investigated batroxobin's effects on the antithrombotic system under two regimens. The pretreatment group included patients on anticoagulants for at least 1 week before starting batroxobin. The simultaneous treatment group began both treatments upon admission. The control group received only anticoagulation. Batroxobin was given on alternate days at doses of 10BU, 5BU, and 5BU, totaling three doses. Anticoagulation was continuous. Baseline data were T0; the next day after each batroxobin dose was T1, T2, and T3. Data from these four time points was analyzed.ResultsThe time‐point paired sample T‐test results of the pretreatment group [n = 60; mean age (SD), 43.3(16.5); 38 (63.35%) women] showed that batroxobin significantly inhibited ADP‐induced platelet aggregation rate (T1–T0: p = 0.015; T2–T0: p = 0.025; T3–T0: p = 0.013), decreased fibrinogen level (T1–T0: p < 0.001; T2–T0: p < 0.001; T3–T0: p < 0.001), and increased D‐dimer (T1–T0:p < 0.001; T2–T0: p < 0.001; T3–T0: p < 0.001), TT (T1–T0:p = 0.046; T2–T0: p = 0.003; T3–T0: p < 0.001), and APTT (T1–T0:p = 0.021; T2–T0: p = 0.012; T3–T0: p = 0.026). Compared to the control group, the simultaneous treatment group showed significantly higher TT (T2: p = 0.002; T3: p = 0.004) and D‐dimer (T1: p < 0.001; T2: p < 0.001; T3: p < 0.001) values, while fibrinogen (T2: p < 0.001; T3: p < 0.001) levels were significantly lower. Using batroxobin can alleviate the amplitude of changes in coagulation indicators other than TT caused by anticoagulants. The above conclusions are consistent with the results of repeated measurement data analysis.ConclusionsBatroxobin can significantly inhibit ADP‐induced platelet aggregation rate, increase D‐dimer, decrease fibrinogen, and prolong TT and APTT in the presence of anticoagulant agents. Using batroxobin can reduce the amplitude of changes in coagulation indicators caused by anticoagulants. These results reveal the potential mechanism of batroxobin combined with anticoagulation in the safe and effective treatment of CVT.