Prognostic role of the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in high‐risk BCG‐naïve non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer treated with intravesical gemcitabine/docetaxel

Abstract

ObjectivesTo investigate the role of pretreatment neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in the prediction of response to sequential intravesical therapy, gemcitabine and docetaxel (Gem/Doce), given to patients with bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG)‐ naïve high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).Patients and MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 115 patients who received intravesical Gem/Doce for high‐risk NMIBC between January 2011 and December 2021. Data were computed as the median (interquartile range [IQR]) or mean (standard deviation [sd]). Cox regression analysis was performed to determine if neutrophilia, NLR, platelet counts, and PLR before instillation therapy were predictive of recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Predictive performance was estimated using Uno's C‐statistic.ResultsThe median (IQR) follow‐up for the overall cohort was 23 (13–36) months. The mean (sd) values for NLR, PLR and platelet counts were 3.4 (2.3), 142.2 (85.5), and 225.2 (75.1) × 109/L, respectively. NLR was associated with RFS, with a hazard ratio of 1.32 (95% confidence interval CI 1.19–1.46). Concordance analysis showed that NLR had a good ability to predict RFS (C‐index: 0.7, P < 0.01). The PLR and platelet count were not associated with RFS and did not predict recurrence. In terms of OS, none of these cellular inflammatory markers showed any prediction value.ConclusionPre‐treatment NLR provides some predictive accuracy for RFS in high‐risk BCG‐naïve patients receiving Gem/Doce. Further prospective trials are needed to validate this finding.