Prognosis of Single Implant‐Supported Prosthesis in Patients With Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Five‐Year Prospective Clinical Study

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrimary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by hyposalivation. Currently, there is limited evidence for the prognosis of dental implant treatment in Sjögren's syndrome.Aim/HypothesisWe hypothesized comparable clinical outcomes of implant‐supported restorations in pSS‐patients and control subjects, and improvement in oral health‐related quality of life 5 years after restoration.Material and MethodsPatients with pSS and matched (age, gender, and tooth region) control group were recruited between June 2016 and March 2020. The clinical and radiological examination were performed, and patient‐reported oral health impact profile (OHIP‐49) questionnaire was used 2 months (baseline), 1, 3, and 5 years after prosthetic treatment.ResultsWe included 23 patients with pSS and 24 matched control subjects (all women, mean age: 57.1 years). The overall DMFT (decayed‐missed‐filled‐tooth) was significantly higher (p = 0.008), symptoms of dry mouth were more severe (p = 0.001), and unstimulated and chewing‐stimulated saliva flow rates were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in pSS than in control group. All implants survived with no implant mobility. At implant sites, the plaque index and probing depths did not differ (p = 0.301 and 0.446, respectively), but the gingival index was significantly higher (p = 0.003) in pSS than control group. The mean marginal bone loss, prosthetic complications, and clinician‐reported aesthetic outcomes were similar in both groups after 5 years. The OHIP scores were significantly higher in the pSS than control group (p < 0.001) but reduced significantly in both groups (p = 0.026).ConclusionReplacement of missing single teeth with dental implants was successful in patients with pSS 5 years after restoration.