Abstract
T-cell therapies such as engineered T-cell receptors or TCRs and Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs) T-Cell have, with a doubt, revolutionized the health outcomes for patients diagnosed with certain subsets of B cell leukemia or lymphoma, while, at the same time offer durable clinical responses. However, there are numerous challenges that limit the therapeutic efficacy of CAR T-cells in the treatment of solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Among the barriers to of these therapies are severe life-threatening toxicities, possible side effects such as cytokine release syndrome, modest anti-tumor activity, antigen escape, restricted trafficking, and limited tumor infiltration. To overcome the limitations, scientists have produced so called Co-stimulatory Synthetic T-cell receptor and Antigen Receptor or Co-STAR cells.