Single-shot carrier-envelope-phase detection using tunneling ionization in ambient air

Abstract

The carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of a laser pulse plays a crucial role in laser-matter interactions. The inherent shot-to-shot instability of the CEP necessitates single-shot detection, which is not only vital for stabilizing the CEP but also for observing ultrafast phenomena that conventional averaging techniques cannot resolve. In this study, we demonstrate a novel approach utilizing strong-field ionization in ambient air for single-shot CEP measurement. Our method is applicable without the need for an imaging device, providing a practical and precise solution for high-repetition-rate CEP measurement.