Non-ionizing Radiations and their Biochemical and Biomedical Impacts

Abstract

Human beings and animals are exposed to non-ionizing radiations. These radiations are essential for current mode of communication in life. These improve biochemical, biomolecular, and biomedical investigations in combination with computers and electronic gadgets. Such gadgets are in use in almost every field of life. The photon energy of the non-ionizing radiations cannot either ionize an atom or a molecule, this photon energy excites electron, in the interacting molecules or atoms resting energy level to the next higher energy state. This behavior induces degree of reactivity but not the strong conformational changes in these atoms or molecules. These radiations cause thermal effect on the body tissues; as a result, body temperature may increase. The effect of non-ionizing radiations on biosystems is in accordance with the dose, duration, and the strength. The impact of non-ionizing radiation also depends on cell type, nature, physicochemical features, depth in biosystem, and density of the unicellular biosystems. There exists lacuna in understanding the mechanisms involved. There is a relationship between sound decibel and frequencies of the varied forms of non-ionizing radiations and their reception. Biosystems have cognitive tendency to sustain unfavorable circumstances as these are endowed with ability to repair the damage or cope with the induced stress. The biosystems counteract ill impacts of non-ionizing radiations. In this review, the impacts of non-ionizing radiations on biological entities have been reviewed.