Oral health-related quality of life among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional controlled study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Diabetes is a widespread chronic metabolic condition that has a significant negative influence on a person’s sociopsychological, physical, and economic well-being. This study was designed to (1) measure the impact of oral health on quality of life (QoL) using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) in association with other factors (age, gender, years of diabetes, level of education, smoking, presence of other conditions, oral complaints, and glycemic control) and (2) validate the Arabic version of the OHIP-14. Materials and Methods: Diabetic and healthy participants completed a two-part survey including demographic characteristics OHIP-14 questionnaire. Results: The sample consisted of 121 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 146 healthy controls. Sociodemographic data, OHIP-14 questionnaires, and glycemic control data were collected. The data were statistically analyzed. The results showed that OHIP-14 was found to have sufficient reliability and validity in measuring life quality. Our study documented the effects of oral health complications on QoL among diabetics compared to controls. The type of diabetes had no effect on life quality. The highest OHIP-14 domain affected was functional limitation, while the lowest one was social handicap. Conclusion: It was concluded that diabetes has a negative effect on life quality. Diabetic patients have unsatisfactory oral health, which affects their QoL. The OHIP-14 is a reliable and valuable instrument to measure life quality.