Affiliation:
1. Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
2. Peking University Third Clinical Medical College, Beijing, China
3. Beijing Center of Quality Control and Improvement on Clinical Anesthesia, Beijing, China
4. Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care (CPAM), Beijing, China
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in neural function, such as supporting normal energy metabolism, regulating reactive oxygen species, buffering physiological calcium loads, and maintaining the balance of morphology, subcellular distribution, and overall health through mitochondrial dynamics. Given the recent technological advances in the assessment of mitochondrial structure and functions, mitochondrial dysfunction has been regarded as the early and key pathophysiological mechanism of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction. This review will focus on the recent advances in mitochondrial medicine and research methodology in the field of cognitive sciences, from the perspectives of energy metabolism, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial dynamics (including fission-fusion, transport, and mitophagy).
Subject
Developmental Neuroscience