Incidence of Raised Intra-Ocular Pressure Post Penetrating Keratoplasty at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India

Abstract

Background: Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) is done for a variety of reasons, such as corneal opacity, bullous keratopathy, corneal stromal dystrophies, Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy, ectasia, and perforation. Management of raised intra.ocular pressure (IOP) after keratoplasty is necessary to maintain the visual outcome. The purpose of this study was to find the incidence of raised IOP after keratoplasty. Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 67 eyes of 67 patients attending the ophthalmic out.patient department of the upgraded department of MY Hospital Indore from November 2021 to November 2022. One-way analysis of variance test, Chi-square test, and Fisher exact test were applied, and the P value was judged at 5% level of significance. Results: The main indication for PK was infectious keratitis (52.3%), corneal scars (32.8%), regrafts (7.5%), bullous keratopathy (5.9%), and staphyloma (2.9%). In this study, the overall incidence of raised IOP (>21 mmHg) was 25.37% (17 cases). Raised IOP was observed among the 20% of infectious keratitis, 27.3% of corneal scars, 40% of regraft, and 50% of bullous keratopathy. Steroid-induced rise in IOP (47.05%; n = 8) was the most common post-operative factor. Conclusion: Maximum cases in which PK was done were of infectious keratitis. Post PK rise in IOP is a serious complication that is significantly associated with an increased risk of graft failure and poor visual outcome. Thus, rise in IOP was associated with a significant reduction in the percentage of eyes achieving good visual acuity.