Choroidal Thickness and Effect of Sex and Age in Africans

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to evaluate choroidal thickness (CT) and the effect of age and gender in healthy Africans using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Materials and Methods: In 172 eyes of 88 volunteers, the CT in the central subfoveal (CSF) area and at 2.5 mm superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants was measured. Four eyes were excluded due to poor image quality and image decentration. Simple linear regression was used to measure the effect of age on CT, and statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22. Results: The were 88 male and 84 female eyes, aged 30–80 years. The mean CT was CSF 265.44 ± 6.2 µm; inferior 256.19 ± 70.6 µm; superior 249.92 ± 76.2 µm; temporal 235.51 ± 70.3 µm; and nasal 199.53 ± 69.8 µm. The choroid was thickest in the CSF > Inferior > Superior > Temporal, and the nasal quadrant was thinnest in all age groups. There was a considerable decrease in the CSF with increasing age (P < 0.001). CT in males and females was similar since the difference in mean CSF CT between the genders was 2.085 µm (P = 0.858). Menopausal females had thinner CSF CT compared to premenopausal females (P < 0.001), but this was due to the aging effect. Conclusion: CT decreases significantly with increasing age but shows no gender difference in Africans. A comparison of CT studies from other ethnic nationalities shows some similarity with CT in Africans, suggesting that CT findings from other ethnic groups can be extrapolated to Africans.