Degree of deformity and certain hormone, vitamin and trace element levels in the serum of calves with congenital flexural deformity

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between certain hormone, vitamin and trace element levels and congenital defects in calves with congenital flexural deformity. The study included 15 calves (study group) which were clinically and radiologically diagnosed with congenital flexural deformity and 15 clinically healthy calves (control group). After obtaining the anamnesis of the calves, general physical, clinical and radiological examinations of the extremities were conducted. The calves were diagnosed with congenital flexural deformity when they partially attained or did not attain normal extension angles during passive joint flexion movements. The congenital flexural deformity in the extremity was categorized based on the cranial angle of the carpal and ankle joints, measured with a radiogram, and the posture of the extremity. Blood samples were obtained from all calves for biochemical analysis and blood serum was extracted. Serum retinol (vitamin A), alpha tocopherol (vitamin E), cholecalciferol (vitamin D), certain trace elements (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, iron, zinc and manganese), T3 and T4 levels were measured. It was determined that the serum zinc levels of the calves with flexural deformity were lower, magnesium, calcium, vitamin E, free T3 and T4 levels were higher in comparison to the healthy calves in the control group. There was no difference between the other vitamin (D, E) and mineral levels. In conclusion, instead of subjective evaluation, objective evaluation criteria were presented in the grading of the deformity. It was also thought that it would be useful to consider objective evaluation in determining treatment options. It was thought that the addition of zinc to animal feeds during pregnancy in farms that the cases are common, can reduce these deformities.