1. Annual VMT has been rising at a steady average annual rate of 3.0 percent since 1970. National Research Council.
2. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Available from: http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/servicerpt/hr2454/index.htmlS; 2009.
3. Review of transportation and energy consumption related research;Shunping;J Transp Syst Eng & IT,2009
4. Department of Energy. “Why is fuel economy important?”, EPA. www.fueleconomy.gov, Access date 24th February, 2010.
5. An evaluation of the effectiveness of US CAFÉ policy;Kirby;Energy Policy,1995