Feline leucocyte antigen class II polymorphism and susceptibility to feline infectious peritonitis

Author:

Addie Diane D1,Kennedy Lorna J2,Ryvar Ruth3,Willoughby K4,Gaskell R.M.3,Ollier W.E.R.2,Nart Pablo1,Radford Alan D.3

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Comparative Medicine, Companion Animal Diagnostics, Bearsden Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, Scotland G61 1QH, UK

2. Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK

3. Mammalian Immunogenetics Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZJ, UK

4. Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, UK

Abstract

There are four outcomes to feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection: the development of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP, which is immune-mediated), subclinical infection, development of healthy lifelong carriers and a small minority of cats who resist infection (Addie and Jarrett, Veterinary Record 148 (2001) 649). Examination of the FCoV genome has shown that the same strain of virus can produce different clinical manifestations, suggesting that host genetic factors may also play a role in the outcome of infection. FIP is most prevalent amongst pedigree cats, although how much of this is due to them living in large groups (leading to higher virus challenge and stress which predisposes to FIP) and how much is due to genetic susceptibility is not known. If host genetics could be shown to play a role in disease, it may allow the detection of cats with a susceptibility to FIP and the development of increased population resistance through selective breeding. The feline leucocyte antigen (FLA) complex contains many genes that are central to the control of the immune response. In this preliminary study, we used clonal sequence analysis or reference strand conformational analysis (RSCA) to analyse the class II FLA–DRB of 25 cats for which the outcome of FCoV exposure was known. Individual cats were shown to have between two and six FLA–DRB alleles. There was no statistically significant association between the number of alleles and the outcome of FCoV infection. No particular allele appeared to be associated with either the development of FIP, resistance to FCoV, or the carrier status. However, the analysis was complicated by apparent breed variation in FLA–DRB and the small number of individuals in this study.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Small Animals

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