Dual solutions for three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow with entropy generation

Abstract

Abstract This paper presents a formulation for simulating magnetohydrodynamic three-dimensional convective flow and heat transfer in a nanofluid by incorporating the complete viscous dissipation function in the energy equation. A novel feature of this investigation of entropy generation and dual solutions is the use of the spectral quasilinearization method to solve the conservation equations. The results are compared with exact solutions or higher order solutions and a good agreement is achieved. The accuracy is determined by calculation of residual errors and the method of solution is shown to produce smaller residual errors than those achieved by the fifth-order Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method for nonlinear differential equations. The dual solutions for different Prandtl number, and Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters are shown graphically and discussed. It is found that the temperature profiles as well as thermal boundary layer thickness increase with the Brownian motion parameter for first and the second solutions. The temperature profiles increase with the thermophoresis parameter for the first and second solutions. The entropy generation increases with the Reynolds number. Highlights Combined effects of entropy generation and MHD nanofluid are proposed. Spectral quasi-linearization method (SQLM) is used for computer simulations. Use axisymmetric stretching/shrinking sheet for dual solution. Validate the accuracy and convergence using residual error analysis.