Affiliation:
1. SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, HAMİDİYE TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ
2. SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, HAMİDİYE ULUSLARARASI TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, HİSTOLOJİ VE EMBRİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a debilitating endocrine and metabolic disorder that affects a large proportion of women in their reproductive years. It differs by a range of symptoms including polycystic ovary appearance, hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, insulin resistance, and obesity. Despite years of research, the exact cause of PCOS remains elusive, but recent studies have suggested that epigenetic mechanisms may play a significant role in its pathogenesis. Of particular interest are micro-RNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs that are transcribed from DNA but not translated into protein. Recent research has demonstrated that abnormal expression of miRNAs is present in PCOS and may contribute to the development and progression of the disease. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the current knowledge and challenges related to abnormal miRNA expression in PCOS, shedding light on a potential avenue for targeted therapies and improved management of this debilitating condition. The review summarizes the findings from various studies that have investigated the role of miRNAs in PCOS. It discusses the specific miRNAs that have been found to be dysregulated in PCOS and their potential impact on the pathophysiology of the disease. The review also highlights the challenges associated with studying miRNAs, including the complexity of their regulation and the need for standardized methodologies for miRNA profiling. Based on the available evidence, abnormal expression of miRNAs appears to be a significant contributor to the development and progression of PCOS. Targeting these dysregulated miRNAs could offer new therapeutic strategies for the management of PCOS. Biomarkers and gene therapies associated with miRNA may improve the accuracy and effectiveness of PCOS diagnosis and treatment. However, further research is needed to fully understand the functional roles of specific miRNAs and their potential as diagnostic or therapeutic targets.