Abstract
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) had been described in several medical literatures These included the pathogenesis, mechanisms and current approach to management and treatment. Although still limited, more information is coming with the advancement of medical knowledge and technology regarding systemic lupus erythematosus and neuropsychiatric involvement. NPSLE remains elusive in the context of outright diagnosis and management. Its manifestations need to be carefully assessed before a final diagnosis is made for the proper treatment. Thus, attribution models were later developed to address these problems. NPSLE will likely develop among lupus patients in the first 5 years from SLE onset. The development and exact pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease also remain controversial but the discovery of the blood-brain barrier injury has given points of clarity. The focus of management is based on the identified etiology. Targets include symptomatic treatment and addressing the underlying SLE process. Likewise, the use of corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, antimalarial agents, warfarin or low dose aspirin depending on the pathways involved is also being utilized with positive results. More researches are being done to better elucidate the complex nature of NPSLE.