Clinical Relevance of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Various Sources: Insights into Transcriptome Analysis for Identifying Inherent Potential

Abstract

This book chapter provides an in-depth overview of the clinical relevance of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from various sources, highlighting the importance of whole transcriptome analysis in revealing their inherent potential. The chapter delves into different sources of MSCs, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, and placenta, and compares their respective properties and capabilities. Additionally, it explores the latest advancements in whole transcriptome analysis, including RNA sequencing and microarray analysis, and their applications in MSC research. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how high-end technologies, such as whole transcriptome analysis, can aid in identifying the inherent potential of cells for therapeutic applications. It will also discuss how such gene expression approaches helped identify the inherent potential of specific MSC sources, tailoring their use towards specific clinical applications, including immune tolerance and modulation, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis. Additionally, it highlights the importance of extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs. This knowledge will be beneficial for researchers and clinicians working towards developing MSC-based treatments for regenerative medicine and cellular therapy.