Life Threatening but Preventable and Treatable Medical Complications of Abdominal Trauma

Abstract

Management of the patient who underwent trauma involves simultaneous interaction buy different physicians and surgeons. The physician, surgeon and anesthesiologist usually form a team, all of whom bring their different perspective and expertise for treatment of the patient. This starts a series of events that culminates in medical evaluation, anesthetic assessment, preoperative assessment, perioperative management and post operative management of the patient as a whole. The evaluation of any trauma patient begins with evaluating the airway, accessing the breathing, and managing the circulation. After deep initial management of the patient either surgical or medical, prognosis of patient depends on follow up monitoring and care, as mortality in such patients is very high due to complications as listed below, whose early diagnosis and management will be discussed in detail in our chapter: inadequate resuscitation; delays in diagnosis and treatment; intra-abdominal sepsis; deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and thromboembolic events; hematological disorders like anemias, bleeding disorders, thrombocytopenia etc.; cardiac complications like arrhythmias, stress cardiomyopathy etc.; pulmonary and gastrointestinal complications like HAP, paralytic ileus, GERD etc.; metabolic disorders like acidosis, alkalosis, dyselectrolemia etc.; trauma complicated due to pregnancy, addictions and comorbid conditions like DM, HTN etc.