Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which include human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), hold immense potential for various biomedical research in both academic and clinical applications. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of culturing techniques for hPSCs, covering two-dimensional (2D) adherent culture, three-dimensional (3D) suspension culture, and the utilization of hydrogel scaffolds in 3D hPSC culture. Furthermore, it explores the application of advanced 3D cell manufacturing techniques to facilitate the production of large quantities of high-quality hPSCs, catering to the needs of advanced biomedical applications. By addressing these topics, this chapter aims to present a comprehensive overview of diverse cultivation methods and their wide-ranging applications in hPSC research, encompassing fundamental studies and advanced biomedical investigations.