Methods of Oil Spill Cleanup: A Comparative Review

Abstract

Abstract Oil spills present significant environmental, economic, and public health threats, necessitating effective cleanup strategies. The prompt and effective cleanup of oil-contaminated areas is crucial to mitigation of the damage caused by these spills. Over the years, a variety of cleanup methods have been developed and employed to address different types and scales of oil spills. This paper provides a comparative review of the major established response methods used for continuous and batch oil spills offshore, including in-situ burning, mechanical recovery and use of chemical dispersants. Each method's advantages, limitations, and environmental impacts are discussed, along with computer models simulating their application, such as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's oil weathering model ADIOS2® (Automated Data Inquiry for Oil Spills) and Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement's response system planning calculators. In conclusion, we provide recommendations for the use of the techniques described based on event conditions, for optimal results.