Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on Older Adults’ Balance: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Author:

Bertolini Rafael1ORCID,Vercelino Rafael2ORCID,Ferreira Luis Fernando3ORCID,Telles da Rosa Luis Henrique4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

2. Physiotherapy Department, Anhanguera University, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

3. Postgraduation program in Medicine: Hepatology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

4. Program of Post-graduation in Rehabilitation Sciences, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

Abstract

Background: Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) is considered a mind and body practice of Chinese origin, considered as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity by UNESCO, and recommended by the World Health Organization as a therapeutic approach to prevent falls. Objective: To assess the effects of TCC on older adult’s balance. Methods: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials was conducted by two independent reviewers using the ROB2 tool to assess the risk of bias under the following databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, PEDro, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and LILACS. A meta-analysis of the selected articles for the dynamic and static balance criteria was conducted in a population of older adults (over 65 years) with publications from 2010 to 2024. Results: Eighteen randomized clinical trials fulfilled the criteria. TCC improves dynamic balance in the timed up and go and gait speeds tests, and static balance in the single-leg test and functional reach test when compared with the control group in the meta-analysis. Adverse events were found in only one study, and the training parameters were heterogeneous. Conclusion: TCC improves older adults with both dynamic and static balance. The results of the parameters indicate a direction in which TCC is prescribed for clinical practice with minimal or no risk of adverse effects.

Publisher

Human Kinetics

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