Epizootiology and biological characteristics of echinococcosis in agricultural animals, dogs, wild carnivores, and rodents in the Western region of the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Published:2023-11
Issue:
Volume:
Page:2277-2286
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ISSN:2231-0916
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Container-title:Veterinary World
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Vet World
Author:
Ilana Abirova1ORCID, Upievich Baitlesov Erbulat2ORCID, Kenesovich Kereyev Abzal1ORCID, Bekbosynovna Mamanova Saltanat3ORCID, Bakitzhanovna Zakirova Faruza1ORCID, Esmagambetovich Murzabaev Kenzhebek1ORCID, Maratovich Sengaliyev Yerbol1ORCID, Garipullievich Satybaev Berik1ORCID, Gabdullinovich Abdrakhmanov Rinat1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University Named after Zhangir Khan, Uralsk 090009, Republic of Kazakhstan. 2. Department of Veterinary Medicine and Technosphere Safety, West Kazakhstan Innovative and Technological University, Uralsk 090009, Republic of Kazakhstan. 3. Laboratory of Virology, Kazakh Scientific Research Veterinary Institute, Almaty 050016, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Abstract
Background and Aim: Echinococcosis is one of the most dangerous parasitic diseases common to humans and animals. In Kazakhstan, echinococcosis is widespread in animals. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and biological characteristics of echinococcosis in agricultural animals, dogs, wild carnivores, and rodents in the Western region of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Materials and Methods: The study analyzed slaughtered carcasses of cattle (2500), sheep (4200), pigs (250), horses (91), and camels (45). Furthermore, the study analyzed 144 dogs (herding, rural, and urban), 41 wild carnivores (wolves, red foxes, and corsac foxes), and 339 wild rodents (great gerbils, tamarisk jirds, little ground squirrels, yellow ground squirrels, and muskrats). Postmortem and vital examination methods were used in the helminthological studies of dogs, wild carnivores, and rodents. In agricultural animals, localization and intensity were determined by counting echinococcal cysts in parenchymatous organs.
Results: Extensiveness of invasion (EI) averaged 19.2% in cattle, 27.5% in sheep, 5.6% in pigs, and 13.3% in camels. Echinococcal cysts mainly affected the liver in sheep (45.4%) and the lungs in cattle (35.5%). The fertility of echinococcal cysts decreased with age in animals. Acephalocysts were registered mainly in cattle. The highest invasiveness of Echinococcus granulosus was found in herding dogs with an EI of 12.5%. Experimental infestations of dogs showed that maturation of echinococcal eggs occurred by days 36–40 and maturation of segments by day 50. Studies of wild carnivores and rodents showed the presence of E. granulosus (imago stage) in wolves, Alveococcus multilocularis (imago stage) in red foxes and corsac foxes, and A. multilocularis (larval stage) in great gerbils and muskrats.
Conclusion: Our data provide evidence of high epizootiological danger for the population and significant damage caused by E. granulosus to animal husbandry in the region. Studies on the spread of echinococcosis suggest the possibility of controlling the situation with human and animal diseases and show the importance of this issue.
Keywords: agricultural animals, dogs, Echinococcus, Kazakhstan, rodents, wild carnivores.
Publisher
Veterinary World
Subject
General Veterinary
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