The Effect of Age on Facial Nerve Recovery After Vestibular Schwannoma Resection

Abstract

Objective The objective of this study is to assess the influence of age on facial nerve recovery after microsurgical resection of sporadic vestibular schwannoma. Study Design A historical cohort study was performed. Setting The study was performed at a tertiary referral center. Patients The studied cohort included patients with a House-Brackmann (HB) Grade III or worse in the immediate postoperative period. Interventions The studied intervention was microsurgical resection. Main Outcome Measures The main outcome measure was complete recovery of facial nerve function to HB Grade I at least 12 months postoperatively. Results There were six patients with intracanalicular tumors and 100 with cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors eligible for study. Given the few patients with intracanalicular tumors, no further analysis was pursued in this subset. For patients with CPA tumors, a multivariable analysis of several patient and tumor characteristics demonstrated age at surgery (odds ratio for 10-year increase of 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47–0.98; p = 0.04) and immediate postoperative HB grade (odds ratio for one-grade increase of 0.27; 95% CI, 0.15–0.50; p < 0.001) to be jointly significantly associated with complete recovery to HB Grade I, indicating that the likelihood of complete facial nerve recovery was higher for younger patients and for those with better immediate postoperative HB grades. For example, the predicted probability of complete facial nerve recovery for a 30-year-old with immediate postoperative HB Grade III was 0.76 (or 76% when expressed as a percentage), whereas the predicted probability for a 50-year-old with immediate postoperative HB Grade V was only 0.10. Conclusions After considering immediate postoperative HB grade, younger age at surgery was independently significantly associated with complete facial nerve recovery, which can assist in intraoperative decision-making regarding extent of resection and postoperative counseling.