Advances in development of new tuberculosis vaccines

Author:

da Costa Christopher12,Onyebujoh Philip2,Thiry Georges3,Zumla Alimuddin4

Affiliation:

1. Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Washington, DC, USA

2. Lusaka Apex Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia

3. Senergues Consult, Saint Etienne de Maurs, France

4. Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

Abstract

Purpose of review Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health emergency and caused 1.6 million deaths in 2021. The aim of this review is to provide recent updates on advances in TB vaccine development for prevention and adjunct therapy. Recent findings Targets use indications guiding late stage TB vaccine development have been established, namely: (i) Prevention of disease (PoD), (ii) Prevention of recurrent disease (PoR), (iii) Prevention of established infection in previously uninfected patients (PoI), and (iv) Adjunctive immunotherapy. Novel approaches include vaccines designed to induce immune responses beyond established CD4+, Th1-biased T cell immunity, novel animal models for use in challenge/protection studies, and controlled human infection models to generate vaccine efficacy data. Summary Recent efforts at developing effective TB vaccines for prevention and adjunct treatment utilising new targets and technologies have yielded 16 candidate vaccines demonstrating proof of concept for inducing potentially protective immune responses to TB which is currently under evaluation in different stages of clinical trials.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

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