Giant sciatic nerve schwannoma: a rare case report and literature review

Abstract

Introduction and importance: Schwannomas are benign tumors that arise from Schwann cells commonly located in peripheral nerves. Depending on the size and location of sciatic nerve Schwannoma clinical manifestations can either varies from symptoms simulating radiculopathies such as positive Lasegue sign on the affected side, gait weakness and paresthesia or just present with pain and an associated palpable mass. Case presentation: The authors present a case of a 34-year-old female patient suffering from pain, gait weakness, and a palpable mass since many months. The palpable mass was present in the posterior region of the left lower limb. Imaging studies reveal an extensive lesion measuring 35 cm×8 cm that extends from the gluteal region to the left popliteal fossa. Clinical discussion: The finding of a palpable mass during physical examination guided us towards the diagnostic suspicion and thus necessitating the direct imaging studies. When approaching such type of patients, a history of neurofibromatosis must be ruled out due to its frequent association. Surgical resection should focus on the preservation of neurovascular structures, which offers improvement of the symptoms and the quality of life of patients. Conclusion: Giant sciatic nerve schwannoma if excised completely can lead to relieve of symptoms. Although recurrences are uncommon follow-up for years is necessary.