Evaluation of a Novel Graft-Holding Solution in Hair Transplantation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND Hair transplantation has become a popular choice for alopecia treatment; however, postsurgical hair shedding still annoys both patients and surgeons. OBJECTIVE To explore the impact of graft-holding solution on postsurgical hair shedding and testify the protective efficacy of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution with adenosine triphosphate and deferoxamine (HTK-AD). METHODS There were 240 patients enrolled in the study, and the follicles were placed into either HTK-AD or Ringer solution (RS). Masson staining and live/dead staining were performed to evaluate graft morphology and apoptosis levels, respectively. The between-group comparison of postsurgical graft shedding, survival rate, complications, and patient satisfaction was performed. RESULTS Grafts in HTK-AD maintained organized dense collagen construction and higher cell viability, but those preserved in RS became soft, which hindered implantation. Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution with adenosine triphosphate and deferoxamine significantly reduced the incidence of postsurgical hair shedding (73.81% vs 95%), delayed shedding onset, and diminished shedding amount versus RS (p < .05) when ≥3,000 grafts were transplanted. The shedding duration was shortened, and hair regrowth started earlier in HTK-AD versus RS (p < .05); thus, satisfaction was increased. The final survival rate showed no difference between 2 groups. CONCLUSION Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution with adenosine triphosphate and deferoxamine is superior to RS for hair graft preservation because it improves graft viability and alleviates postsurgical shedding.