Study on the Application of Concentrated Growth Factor Combined With Adipose Transplantation in Repairing Depressed Deformities of Soft Tissue in the Face

Abstract

Background Autologous fat is a rich source of adipose tissue that is safe for transplantation. Decreasing the long-term absorption rate is key to improve the survival of transplanted adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of concentrated growth factor (CGF) on the survival of transplanted adipose tissue for repair of facial depression malformations. Methods Coleman adipose granules (CAGs) were prepared from venous blood. In the animal experiment, the ears of 30 healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 groups: CGF + CAG (CGF group), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) + CAG (PRF group), CAG alone (CAG group), and adipose granule transplantation group (control group). Postoperative survival of the transplanted adipose tissue was assessed, the survival and absorption rates of adipose were calculated, and immunohistochemical analysis of specimens was conducted by staining with hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O. Of 43 outpatients, 22 received simple adipose transplantation and 21 received autologous CGF combined with adipose transplantation. The adipose absorption rate, complication rate, and cosmetic improvement of the 2 groups were compared. Results More adipocytes that are normal were observed in the CGF group, with fewer vacuoles and more uniform distribution of adipose tissue. Survival of the adipose tissue was superior in the CGF and PRF groups. Meanwhile, vascular density and long-term stability were better in the CGF group than the PRF group. In terms of clinical efficacy, the uniformity and survival rate of the adipose tissue were relatively improved in the CGF group compared with the simple adipose particle transplantation group, with less early liquefaction. Conclusion Concentrated growth factor stabilized and improved the survival of transplanted adipose tissue for filling of facial depression malformations.