1. Department of Anesthesia, El Galaa Military Medical Complex, El-Orouba, Sheraton Al Matar, El Nozha, Cairo Governorate, Egypt ;
2. Intensive Care, National Heart Institute, Agouza, Giza Governorate, Egypt ;
3. Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, El Galaa Military Medical Complex, El-Orouba, Sheraton Al Matar, El Nozha, Cairo Governorate, Egypt ;
4. Intensive Care, Mahalla Cardiac Center, El Mahalla El Kobra, El Gharbeya, Egypt;
5. Cardiovascular Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ; and
6. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ.