Prevalence and Economic Burden of Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy in the Medicare Population in the United States

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and economic burden of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) in patients older than 65 years in the United States. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Medicare data reported to the Vision and Eye Health Surveillance System including patients diagnosed with FECD between 2014 and 2019 was performed. The crude prevalence rate of FECD was assessed and extrapolated to estimate the total case burden in the United States. The prevalence data were further compared between men and women and different racial groups. In addition, the economic burden was computed using inflation-adjusted direct costs of treatment to patients. Results: The Medicare database included 25,432,700 patients older than 65 years. The national prevalence of FECD in this population cohort was calculated to be 1.12% in 2019. In 2019, FECD case burden in Medicare patients older than 65 years was 284,846 and total estimated FECD case count in the country in this age group was 591,226. FECD prevalence was significantly higher in women as compared to men during the 6-year period evaluated in this study. The intergroup comparison revealed that FECD prevalence in the White population was significantly higher than all other racial groups (P < 0.0001). The total inflation-adjusted economic burden of FECD in the United States in 2019 was USD 291.648 million and has increased from USD 243.998 million over the 6-year study period. Conclusions: The estimated prevalence of FECD in the individuals older than 65 years is 1.12% in the United States. FECD prevalence is significantly higher in women and White population compared with other ethnicities.