Enteral Nutrition in Preterm Infants (2022): A Position Paper From the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition and Invited Experts-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Enteral Nutrition in Preterm Infants (2022): A Position Paper From the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition and Invited Experts

Published:2022-10-28 Issue:2 Volume:76 Page:248-268
ISSN:0277-2116
Container-title:Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Embleton Nicholas David¹,Jennifer Moltu Sissel²,Lapillonne Alexandre³,van den Akker Chris H.P.⁴,Carnielli Virgilio⁵,Fusch Christoph⁶⁷,Gerasimidis Konstantinos⁸,van Goudoever Johannes B.⁹,Haiden Nadja¹⁰,Iacobelli Silvia¹¹,Johnson Mark J.¹²¹³,Meyer Sascha¹⁴,Mihatsch Walter¹⁵¹⁶,de Pipaon Miguel Saenz¹⁷,Rigo Jacques¹⁸,Zachariassen Gitte¹⁹,Bronsky Jiri²⁰,Indrio Flavia²¹,Köglmeier Jutta²²,de Koning Barbara²³,Norsa Lorenzo²⁴,Verduci Elvira²⁵²⁶,Domellöf Magnus²⁷

Affiliation:

1. Newcastle Hospitals NHS Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

2. Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

3. APHP Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France

4. Department of Pediatrics – Neonatology, Amsterdam UMC – Emma Children’s Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

5. Polytechnic University of Marche and Division of Neonatology, Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Ancona, Italy

6. Department of Pediatrics, Nuremberg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical School, Nuremberg, Germany

7. Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

8. Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK

9. Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

10. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

11. Réanimation Néonatale et Pédiatrique, Néonatologie – CHU La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, France

12. Department of Neonatal Medicine, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, UK

13. National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

14. Department of General Paediatrics and Neonatology, University Hospital of Saarland, Homburg, Germany

15. Department of Pediatrics, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

16. Department of Health Management, Neu-Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Neu-Ulm, Germany

17. Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology, La Paz University Hospital, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

18. Neonatal Unit, University of Liège, CHR Citadelle, Liège, Belgium

19. H.C. Andersen Children’s Hospital, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

20. Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic

21. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy

22. Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

23. Paediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

24. Paediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Transplantation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIIII, Bergamo, Italy

25. Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

26. Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, Milan, Italy

27. Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Abstract

Objectives: To review the current literature and develop consensus conclusions and recommendations on nutrient intakes and nutritional practice in preterm infants with birthweight <1800 g. Methods: The European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee of Nutrition (CoN) led a process that included CoN members and invited experts. Invited experts with specific expertise were chosen to represent as broad a geographical spread as possible. A list of topics was developed, and individual leads were assigned to topics along with other members, who reviewed the current literature. A single face-to-face meeting was held in February 2020. Provisional conclusions and recommendations were developed between 2020 and 2021, and these were voted on electronically by all members of the working group between 2021 and 2022. Where >90% consensus was not achieved, online discussion meetings were held, along with further voting until agreement was reached. Results: In general, there is a lack of strong evidence for most nutrients and topics. The summary paper is supported by additional supplementary digital content that provide a fuller explanation of the literature and relevant physiology: introduction and overview; human milk reference data; intakes of water, protein, energy, lipid, carbohydrate, electrolytes, minerals, trace elements, water soluble vitamins, and fat soluble vitamins; feeding mode including mineral enteral feeding, feed advancement, management of gastric residuals, gastric tube placement and bolus or continuous feeding; growth; breastmilk buccal colostrum, donor human milk, and risks of cytomegalovirus infection; hydrolyzed protein and osmolality; supplemental bionutrients; and use of breastmilk fortifier. Conclusions: We provide updated ESPGHAN CoN consensus-based conclusions and recommendations on nutrient intakes and nutritional management for preterm infants

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Gastroenterology,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

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