Affiliation:
1. Department of Intensive Care Medicine
2. Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre +
3. NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
Abstract
Purpose of review
Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction is common among critically ill patients and is associated with poor outcomes. In particular, nutrient delivery can be impaired in patients with GI dysfunction and pose a significant challenge to clinicians in daily clinical practice. This review aims to summarize the impact of GI dysfunction on nutrition therapy during critical illness and provide an update on recent advances in nutritional strategies during gastrointestinal dysfunction.
Recent findings
Although prognostic gastrointestinal dysfunction scoring systems exist, a lack of clear, uniform definitions of GI dysfunction limits diagnosis and subsequent adequate treatment. Recent studies have further investigated separate components of GI dysfunction in ICU patients, including the role of altered GI motility, nutrient digestion and absorption and the metabolic consequences of gut dysfunction. Various strategies to improve nutrient delivery are discussed. However, the evidence supporting their routine use is sometimes lacking.
Summary
GI dysfunction frequently occurs during critical illness and negatively affects nutrition therapy. Strategies to improve nutrient delivery during GI dysfunction are available, though more research into the diagnosis and pathophysiology of GI dysfunction will likely further improve patient outcomes.
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Subject
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Cited by
2 articles.
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