Case report: Plastic bronchitis associated with Bordetella parapertussis

Abstract

Rationale: Bordetella parapertussis caused by a severe infection is rare in clinical practice. Here, we report a case of plastic bronchitis (PB). Patient concerns: A 4-year-old girl with a 2-day history of fever, paroxysmal cough, and subconjunctival hemorrhage. Diagnoses: The diagnoses were (1) B parapertussis, (2) pulmonary atelectasis, and (3) PB. Interventions: The patient received azithromycin and underwent bronchoscopy. Outcomes: Symptoms disappeared after treatment. The patient had an outpatient follow-up of 2 months without respiratory symptoms. Lessons: PB can lead to respiratory failure if not intervened in the early stages.