1. Adult Health-Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
2. Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
3. Adult Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
4. Prince Al Hussein Bin Abdullah II Academy for Civil Protection, AlBalqa Applied University, King Saud University Medical City, Amman, Jordan
5. School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville.