Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of cardiovascular diseases: clinical association, pathophysiological mechanisms, and management

Author:

Yang Rong1,Fan Jian-Gao12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.

2. Shanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China.

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction in genetically susceptible individuals due to over-nutrition and lack of exercise. With the prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, NAFLD has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD shares many risk factors with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). NAFLD is associated with increased risk of major cardiovascular events and other cardiac complications even after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The primary pathology of NAFLD is within the liver, but the most common cause of deaths in patients with NAFLD is CVDs. This review summarizes the epidemiological evidence for the association between NAFLD and CVD risk and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association. Current treatment strategies for NAFLD and their potential impact on CVD risk are also discussed.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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