The extracellular matrix as hallmark of cancer and metastasis: From biomechanics to therapeutic targets

Author:

Sleeboom Jelle J. F.12,van Tienderen Gilles S.1ORCID,Schenke-Layland Katja345ORCID,van der Laan Luc J. W.1ORCID,Khalil Antoine A.6,Verstegen Monique M. A.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Postbox 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, Netherlands.

2. Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628CD Delft, Netherlands.

3. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.

4. NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany.

5. Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies,” Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.

6. Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands.

Abstract

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for cell support during homeostasis and plays a critical role in cancer. Although research often concentrates on the tumor’s cellular aspect, attention is growing for the importance of the cancer-associated ECM. Biochemical and physical ECM signals affect tumor formation, invasion, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Examining the tumor microenvironment uncovers intricate ECM dysregulation and interactions with cancer and stromal cells. Anticancer therapies targeting ECM sensors and remodelers, including integrins and matrix metalloproteinases, and ECM-remodeling cells, have seen limited success. This review explores the ECM’s role in cancer and discusses potential therapeutic strategies for cell-ECM interactions.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

General Medicine

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