1. Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.
2. Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.
3. Humanitarian Robotics and AI Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
4. Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
5. University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.
6. Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
7. Micro, Nano, and Molecular Systems Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany.
8. Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
9. Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
10. Biomechatronics and Intelligent Robotics Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of New York, City College, New York, NY 10031, USA.
11. Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029 Beijing, China.
12. National Center for Respiratory Medicine, 100029 Beijing, China.
13. Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100029 Beijing, China.
14. National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, 100029 Beijing, China.
15. Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Henan University School of Medicine, 7 Weiwu Road, 450000 Zhengzhou, China.
16. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, 200 Abraham Flexner Way, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
17. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China.