Affiliation:
1. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK.
Abstract
C
4
photosynthesis has evolved by repurposing enzymes found in C
3
plants. Compared with the ancestral C
3
state, accumulation of C
4
cycle proteins is enhanced. We used de-etiolation of C
4
Gynandropsis gynandra
and C
3
Arabidopsis thaliana
to understand this process. C
4
gene expression and chloroplast biogenesis in
G. gynandra
were tightly coordinated. Although C
3
and C
4
photosynthesis genes showed similar induction patterns, in
G. gynandra
, C
4
genes were more strongly induced than orthologs from
A. thaliana
. In vivo binding of TGA and homeodomain as well as light-responsive elements such as G- and I-box motifs were associated with the rapid increase in transcripts of C
4
genes. Deletion analysis confirmed that regions containing G- and I-boxes were necessary for high expression. The data support a model in which accumulation of transcripts derived from C
4
photosynthesis genes in C
4
leaves is enhanced because modifications in cis allowed integration into ancestral transcriptional networks.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Cited by
5 articles.
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