Wireless, fully implantable cardiac stimulation and recording with on-device computation for closed-loop pacing and defibrillation

Author:

Ausra Jokubas1ORCID,Madrid Micah2ORCID,Yin Rose T.2ORCID,Hanna Jessica1ORCID,Arnott Suzanne3ORCID,Brennan Jaclyn A.2ORCID,Peralta Roberto4ORCID,Clausen David1ORCID,Bakall Jakob A.1,Efimov Igor R.256ORCID,Gutruf Philipp1789ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.

3. Department of Surgery, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA

4. Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago IL 60611, USA.

6. Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

7. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

8. Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

9. Neuroscience Graduate Interdisciplinary Program (GIDP), The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

Abstract

Monitoring and control of cardiac function are critical for investigation of cardiovascular pathophysiology and developing life-saving therapies. However, chronic stimulation of the heart in freely moving small animal subjects, which offer a variety of genotypes and phenotypes, is currently difficult. Specifically, real-time control of cardiac function with high spatial and temporal resolution is currently not possible. Here, we introduce a wireless battery-free device with on-board computation for real-time cardiac control with multisite stimulation enabling optogenetic modulation of the entire rodent heart. Seamless integration of the biointerface with the heart is enabled by machine learning–guided design of ultrathin arrays. Long-term pacing, recording, and on-board computation are demonstrated in freely moving animals. This device class enables new heart failure models and offers a platform to test real-time therapeutic paradigms over chronic time scales by providing means to control cardiac function continuously over the lifetime of the subject.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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