First bioanthropological evidence for Yamnaya horsemanship-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

First bioanthropological evidence for Yamnaya horsemanship

Published:2023-03-03 Issue:9 Volume:9 Page:
ISSN:2375-2548
Container-title:Science Advances
language:en
Short-container-title:Sci. Adv.

Author:

Trautmann Martin¹^ORCID,Frînculeasa Alin²^ORCID,Preda-Bălănică Bianca¹^ORCID,Petruneac Marta³^ORCID,Focşǎneanu Marin³^ORCID,Alexandrov Stefan⁴^ORCID,Atanassova Nadezhda⁵,Włodarczak Piotr⁶^ORCID,Podsiadło Michał⁷,Dani János⁸^ORCID,Bereczki Zsolt⁹,Hajdu Tamás¹⁰^ORCID,Băjenaru Radu¹¹,Ioniță Adrian¹¹,Măgureanu Andrei¹¹,Măgureanu Despina¹¹,Popescu Anca-Diana¹¹,Sârbu Dorin¹¹,Vasile Gabriel¹¹^ORCID,Anthony David¹²¹³^ORCID,Heyd Volker¹^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Martin Trautmann, Bianca Preda-Bălănică, Volker Heyd Department of Cultures/Archaeology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

2. Alin Frînculeasa Prahova County Museum of History and Archaeology, Ploieşti, Romania.

3. Marta Petruneac, Marin Focşǎneanu ‘Horia Hulubei’ National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Măgurele, Romania.

4. Stefan Alexandrov National Archaeological Institute with Museum (NAIM-BAS), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.

5. Nadezhda Atanassova Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum (IEMPAM), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.

6. Piotr Włodarczak Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.

7. Michał Podsiadło Dolmen S.C., Kraków, Poland.

8. János Dani Déri Museum, Debrecen, Hungary.

9. Zsolt Bereczki Department of Biological Anthropology, Szeged University, Szeged, Hungary.

10. Tamás Hajdu Department of Biological Anthropology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.

11. Radu Băjenaru, Adrian Ioniţă, Andrei Măgureanu, Despina Măgureanu, Anca-Diana Popescu, Dorin Sârbu, Gabriel Vasile Vasile Pârvan Institute of Archaeology, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania.

12. Hartwick College, Oneonta, NY 13820, USA.

13. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Abstract

The origins of horseback riding remain elusive. Scientific studies show that horses were kept for their milk ~3500 to 3000 BCE, widely accepted as indicating domestication. However, this does not confirm them to be ridden. Equipment used by early riders is rarely preserved, and the reliability of equine dental and mandibular pathologies remains contested. However, horsemanship has two interacting components: the horse as mount and the human as rider. Alterations associated with riding in human skeletons therefore possibly provide the best source of information. Here, we report five Yamnaya individuals well-dated to 3021 to 2501 calibrated BCE from kurgans in Romania, Bulgaria, and Hungary, displaying changes in bone morphology and distinct pathologies associated with horseback riding. These are the oldest humans identified as riders so far.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Link

https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.ade2451

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