A flexible electronic strain sensor for the real-time monitoring of tumor regression

Author:

Abramson Alex1ORCID,Chan Carmel T.23ORCID,Khan Yasser1ORCID,Mermin-Bunnell Alana14,Matsuhisa Naoji1ORCID,Fong Robyn5ORCID,Shad Rohan5ORCID,Hiesinger William5,Mallick Parag26ORCID,Gambhir Sanjiv Sam23467ORCID,Bao Zhenan1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

2. Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

3. Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) and Bio-X Program, Stanford University, Stanford CA, 94305, USA.

4. Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

5. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

6. Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

7. Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Abstract

Assessing the efficacy of cancer therapeutics in mouse models is a critical step in treatment development. However, low-resolution measurement tools and small sample sizes make determining drug efficacy in vivo a difficult and time-intensive task. Here, we present a commercially scalable wearable electronic strain sensor that automates the in vivo testing of cancer therapeutics by continuously monitoring the micrometer-scale progression or regression of subcutaneously implanted tumors at the minute time scale. In two in vivo cancer mouse models, our sensor discerned differences in tumor volume dynamics between drug- and vehicle-treated tumors within 5 hours following therapy initiation. These short-term regression measurements were validated through histology, and caliper and bioluminescence measurements taken over weeklong treatment periods demonstrated the correlation with longer-term treatment response. We anticipate that real-time tumor regression datasets could help expedite and automate the process of screening cancer therapies in vivo.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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