1. Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
2. Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
3. Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
4. Berkeley Global Science Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
5. Institute for Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
6. University of California, Berkeley–King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) Joint Center of Excellence for Nanomaterials for Clean Energy Applications, KACST, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.