Gut microbiome modulates response to anti–PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients

Author:

Gopalakrishnan V.12ORCID,Spencer C. N.23ORCID,Nezi L.3ORCID,Reuben A.1ORCID,Andrews M. C.1ORCID,Karpinets T. V.3ORCID,Prieto P. A.1,Vicente D.1ORCID,Hoffman K.4ORCID,Wei S. C.5ORCID,Cogdill A. P.15ORCID,Zhao L.3ORCID,Hudgens C. W.6ORCID,Hutchinson D. S.7ORCID,Manzo T.3,Petaccia de Macedo M.6,Cotechini T.8,Kumar T.3ORCID,Chen W. S.9ORCID,Reddy S. M.10,Szczepaniak Sloane R.1ORCID,Galloway-Pena J.11,Jiang H.1,Chen P. L.9,Shpall E. J.12,Rezvani K.12ORCID,Alousi A. M.12,Chemaly R. F.11,Shelburne S.311ORCID,Vence L. M.5,Okhuysen P. C.11ORCID,Jensen V. B.13,Swennes A. G.7ORCID,McAllister F.14ORCID,Marcelo Riquelme Sanchez E.14ORCID,Zhang Y.14ORCID,Le Chatelier E.15ORCID,Zitvogel L.16,Pons N.15ORCID,Austin-Breneman J. L.1ORCID,Haydu L. E.1,Burton E. M.1,Gardner J. M.1ORCID,Sirmans E.17,Hu J.18,Lazar A. J.69ORCID,Tsujikawa T.8ORCID,Diab A.17ORCID,Tawbi H.17ORCID,Glitza I. C.17ORCID,Hwu W. J.17ORCID,Patel S. P.17ORCID,Woodman S. E.17,Amaria R. N.17,Davies M. A.17ORCID,Gershenwald J. E.1ORCID,Hwu P.17ORCID,Lee J. E.1ORCID,Zhang J.3,Coussens L. M.8ORCID,Cooper Z. A.13ORCID,Futreal P. A.3ORCID,Daniel C. R.24,Ajami N. J.7ORCID,Petrosino J. F.7ORCID,Tetzlaff M. T.69ORCID,Sharma P.519ORCID,Allison J. P.5ORCID,Jenq R. R.3ORCID,Wargo J. A.13ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

2. Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

3. Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

4. Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

5. Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

6. Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

7. Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

8. Department of Cell, Developmental and Cell Biology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.

9. Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

10. Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

11. Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

12. Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

13. Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

14. Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

15. Centre de Recherche de Jouy-en-Josas, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France.

16. Centre d’Investigation Clinique Biothérapie, Institut Gustave-Roussy, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France.

17. Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

18. Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

19. Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Abstract

Good bacteria help fight cancer Resident gut bacteria can affect patient responses to cancer immunotherapy (see the Perspective by Jobin). Routy et al. show that antibiotic consumption is associated with poor response to immunotherapeutic PD-1 blockade. They profiled samples from patients with lung and kidney cancers and found that nonresponding patients had low levels of the bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila . Oral supplementation of the bacteria to antibiotic-treated mice restored the response to immunotherapy. Matson et al. and Gopalakrishnan et al. studied melanoma patients receiving PD-1 blockade and found a greater abundance of “good” bacteria in the guts of responding patients. Nonresponders had an imbalance in gut flora composition, which correlated with impaired immune cell activity. Thus, maintaining healthy gut flora could help patients combat cancer. Science , this issue p. 91 , p. 104 , p. 97 ; see also p. 32

Funder

Melanoma Research Alliance

Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation

United States - Israel Binational Science Foundation

Stand Up To Cancer

Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy

Kenedy Foundation

McCarthy Skin Cancer Research Fund

MD Anderson Melanoma Moon Shot

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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