Soft strain-insensitive bioelectronics featuring brittle materials

Author:

Zhao Yichao12ORCID,Wang Bo1ORCID,Tan Jiawei12ORCID,Yin Hexing2ORCID,Huang Ruyi345ORCID,Zhu Jialun1,Lin Shuyu1ORCID,Zhou Yan34ORCID,Jelinek David67ORCID,Sun Zhengyang6,Youssef Kareem2ORCID,Voisin Laurent6ORCID,Horrillo Abraham6ORCID,Zhang Kaiji12,Wu Benjamin M.2891011ORCID,Coller Hilary A.6712ORCID,Lu Daniel C.345ORCID,Pei Qibing2ORCID,Emaminejad Sam110ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab (I²BL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

3. Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

4. Neuromotor Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

5. Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

6. Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

7. Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

8. Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

9. Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

10. Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

11. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

12. Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Abstract

Advancing electronics to interact with tissue necessitates meeting material constraints in electrochemical, electrical, and mechanical domains simultaneously. Clinical bioelectrodes with established electrochemical functionalities are rigid and mechanically mismatched with tissue. Whereas conductive materials with tissue-like softness and stretchability are demonstrated, when applied to electrochemically probe tissue, their performance is distorted by strain and corrosion. We devise a layered architectural composite design that couples strain-induced cracked films with a strain-isolated out-of-plane conductive pathway and in-plane nanowire networks to eliminate strain effects on device electrochemical performance. Accordingly, we developed a library of stretchable, highly conductive, and strain-insensitive bioelectrodes featuring clinically established brittle interfacial materials (iridium-oxide, gold, platinum, and carbon). We paired these bioelectrodes with different electrochemical probing methods (amperometry, voltammetry, and potentiometry) and demonstrated strain-insensitive sensing of multiple biomarkers and in vivo neuromodulation.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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