1. Cold-Water Coral Reefs 2004
2. J. M. Roberts, C. J. Brown, D. Long, C. R. Bates, Coral Reefs24, 654 (2005).
3. The terms “cold water ” “deep water ” or “deep sea” have all been used to discriminate these corals from shallow warm-water tropical species. Depth-based definitions are inadequate because cold-water corals have wide depth distributions e.g. L. pertusa occurs at depths of 40 m in fjords to over 3000 m in the open ocean. Confusion exists over whether cold-water corals form reefs. Biogenic cold-water coral reefs are frameworks produced by scleractinian corals that alter sediment deposition provide structural habitat and are subject to dynamic processes of growth and (bio)erosion. Cold-water coral carbonate mounds are larger structures formed by successive periods of coral reef development sedimentation and (bio)erosion. They may or may not support contemporary reefs and are referred to as active or retired mounds respectively ( 11 ).
4. D. G. Masson et al., Mar. Geol.194, 159 (2003).
5. A. J. Wheeler, B. J. Bett, D. S. M. Billett, D. G. Masson, D. Mayor, in Benthic Habitats and the Effects of Fishing, P. W. Barnes, J. P. Thomas, Eds. (American Fisheries Society, Maryland, 2005), pp. 807–817.