Samples returned from the asteroid Ryugu are similar to Ivuna-type carbonaceous meteorites

Author:

Yokoyama Tetsuya1ORCID,Nagashima Kazuhide2ORCID,Nakai Izumi3ORCID,Young Edward D.4ORCID,Abe Yoshinari5ORCID,Aléon Jérôme6ORCID,Alexander Conel M. O’D.7ORCID,Amari Sachiko8ORCID,Amelin Yuri9ORCID,Bajo Ken-ichi10ORCID,Bizzarro Martin11ORCID,Bouvier Audrey12ORCID,Carlson Richard W.7ORCID,Chaussidon Marc13ORCID,Choi Byeon-Gak14ORCID,Dauphas Nicolas15ORCID,Davis Andrew M.15ORCID,Di Rocco Tommaso16ORCID,Fujiya Wataru17ORCID,Fukai Ryota18ORCID,Gautam Ikshu1ORCID,Haba Makiko K.1ORCID,Hibiya Yuki19ORCID,Hidaka Hiroshi20ORCID,Homma Hisashi21ORCID,Hoppe Peter22ORCID,Huss Gary R.2ORCID,Ichida Kiyohiro23ORCID,Iizuka Tsuyoshi24ORCID,Ireland Trevor R.25ORCID,Ishikawa Akira1ORCID,Ito Motoo26ORCID,Itoh Shoichi27ORCID,Kawasaki Noriyuki10ORCID,Kita Noriko T.28ORCID,Kitajima Kouki28ORCID,Kleine Thorsten29ORCID,Komatani Shintaro23ORCID,Krot Alexander N.2ORCID,Liu Ming-Chang4ORCID,Masuda Yuki1ORCID,McKeegan Kevin D.4ORCID,Morita Mayu23ORCID,Motomura Kazuko30ORCID,Moynier Frédéric13ORCID,Nguyen Ann31ORCID,Nittler Larry7ORCID,Onose Morihiko23ORCID,Pack Andreas16ORCID,Park Changkun32ORCID,Piani Laurette33ORCID,Qin Liping34,Russell Sara S.35ORCID,Sakamoto Naoya36ORCID,Schönbächler Maria37ORCID,Tafla Lauren4,Tang Haolan4,Terada Kentaro38ORCID,Terada Yasuko39ORCID,Usui Tomohiro18ORCID,Wada Sohei10ORCID,Wadhwa Meenakshi40ORCID,Walker Richard J.41ORCID,Yamashita Katsuyuki42ORCID,Yin Qing-Zhu43ORCID,Yoneda Shigekazu44ORCID,Yui Hiroharu45ORCID,Zhang Ai-Cheng46ORCID,Connolly Harold C.47ORCID,Lauretta Dante S.48ORCID,Nakamura Tomoki49ORCID,Naraoka Hiroshi50ORCID,Noguchi Takaaki27ORCID,Okazaki Ryuji50ORCID,Sakamoto Kanako18ORCID,Yabuta Hikaru51ORCID,Abe Masanao18ORCID,Arakawa Masahiko52ORCID,Fujii Atsushi18ORCID,Hayakawa Masahiko18ORCID,Hirata Naoyuki52ORCID,Hirata Naru53ORCID,Honda Rie54ORCID,Honda Chikatoshi53ORCID,Hosoda Satoshi18ORCID,Iijima Yu-ichi18,Ikeda Hitoshi18ORCID,Ishiguro Masateru14ORCID,Ishihara Yoshiaki18ORCID,Iwata Takahiro1855ORCID,Kawahara Kosuke18ORCID,Kikuchi Shota56ORCID,Kitazato Kohei53ORCID,Matsumoto Koji57ORCID,Matsuoka Moe18ORCID,Michikami Tatsuhiro58ORCID,Mimasu Yuya18ORCID,Miura Akira18ORCID,Morota Tomokatsu24ORCID,Nakazawa Satoru18ORCID,Namiki Noriyuki57ORCID,Noda Hirotomo57ORCID,Noguchi Rina59ORCID,Ogawa Naoko18ORCID,Ogawa Kazunori18ORCID,Okada Tatsuaki1860ORCID,Okamoto Chisato52,Ono Go18ORCID,Ozaki Masanobu1855ORCID,Saiki Takanao18ORCID,Sakatani Naoya61ORCID,Sawada Hirotaka18ORCID,Senshu Hiroki56ORCID,Shimaki Yuri18ORCID,Shirai Kei18ORCID,Sugita Seiji24ORCID,Takei Yuto18ORCID,Takeuchi Hiroshi18ORCID,Tanaka Satoshi18ORCID,Tatsumi Eri62ORCID,Terui Fuyuto63ORCID,Tsuda Yuichi18ORCID,Tsukizaki Ryudo18ORCID,Wada Koji56ORCID,Watanabe Sei-ichiro20ORCID,Yamada Manabu56ORCID,Yamada Tetsuya18ORCID,Yamamoto Yukio18ORCID,Yano Hajime18ORCID,Yokota Yasuhiro18ORCID,Yoshihara Keisuke18ORCID,Yoshikawa Makoto18ORCID,Yoshikawa Kent18ORCID,Furuya Shizuho18ORCID,Hatakeda Kentaro64ORCID,Hayashi Tasuku18ORCID,Hitomi Yuya64ORCID,Kumagai Kazuya64,Miyazaki Akiko18ORCID,Nakato Aiko18ORCID,Nishimura Masahiro18ORCID,Soejima Hiromichi64ORCID,Suzuki Ayako64ORCID,Yada Toru18ORCID,Yamamoto Daiki18ORCID,Yogata Kasumi18ORCID,Yoshitake Miwa18ORCID,Tachibana Shogo65ORCID,Yurimoto Hisayoshi1036ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.

2. Hawai’i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.

3. Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.

4. Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

5. Graduate School of Engineering Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan.

6. Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7590, Institut de recherche pour le développement, 75005 Paris, France.

7. Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, USA.

8. McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences and Physics Department, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.

9. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, GD 510640, China.

10. Department of Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.

11. Centre for Star and Planet Formation, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, K 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.

12. Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.

13. Université de Paris, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75005 Paris, France.

14. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

15. Department of the Geophysical Sciences and Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

16. Faculty of Geosciences and Geography, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.

17. Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan.

18. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science/Jaxa Space Exploration Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.

19. Department of General Systems Studies, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-0041, Japan.

20. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.

21. Osaka Application Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, Osaka 569-1146, Japan.

22. Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany.

23. Analytical Technology Division, Horiba Techno Service Co. Ltd., Kyoto 601-8125, Japan.

24. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

25. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.

26. Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Kochi 783-8502, Japan.

27. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.

28. Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

29. Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

30. Thermal Analysis Division, Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan.

31. Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.

32. Division of Earth-System Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea.

33. Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique–Université de Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France.

34. School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China.

35. Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK.

36. Isotope Imaging Laboratory, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.

37. Institute for Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

38. Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.

39. Spectroscopy and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.

40. School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.

41. Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

42. Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.

43. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

44. Department of Science and Engineering, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan.

45. Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.

46. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.

47. Department of Geology, School of Earth and Environment, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.

48. Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85705, USA.

49. Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.

50. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.

51. Earth and Planetary Systems Science Program, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.

52. Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.

53. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu 965-8580, Japan.

54. Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.

55. Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Sokendai, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan.

56. Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan.

57. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka 181-8588, Japan.

58. Faculty of Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-2116, Japan.

59. Academic Assembly Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.

60. Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

61. College of Science Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.

62. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.

63. Graduate School of Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan.

64. Marine Works Japan Ltd., Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan.

65. UTokyo Organization for Planetary and Space Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

Abstract

Carbonaceous meteorites are thought to be fragments of C-type (carbonaceous) asteroids. Samples of the C-type asteroid (162173) Ryugu were retrieved by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We measured the mineralogy and bulk chemical and isotopic compositions of Ryugu samples. The samples are mainly composed of materials similar to those of carbonaceous chondrite meteorites, particularly the CI (Ivuna-type) group. The samples consist predominantly of minerals formed in aqueous fluid on a parent planetesimal. The primary minerals were altered by fluids at a temperature of 37° ± 10°C, about 5.2 0.7 + 0.8 million (statistical) or 5.2 2.1 + 1.6 million (systematic) years after the formation of the first solids in the Solar System. After aqueous alteration, the Ryugu samples were likely never heated above ~100°C. The samples have a chemical composition that more closely resembles that of the Sun’s photosphere than other natural samples do.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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